The word periodontal literally means “around the tooth”.  Periodontal disease is a disease that attacks the gums and the bone that surround and support the teeth and their roots.  Plaque, a sticky film of food debris, bacteria, and saliva, will turn into calculus (tartar) if not removed at regular dental cleanings.  When plaque and calculus are not removed, they begin to destroy the gums and bone.  Periodontal disease is characterized by red, swollen, and bleeding gums.

Four out of five people have periodontal disease and do not even know it!  Most people are not aware of it because the disease is usually painless in its early stages.

Not only is it the number one reason for tooth loss, research suggests that there may be a link between periodontal disease and other diseases and conditions such as stroke, bacterial pneumonia, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and increased risk during pregnancy.  Researchers are also determining if inflammation and bacteria associated with periodontal disease affects these systemic diseases and conditions.  Smoking also increases the risk of periodontal disease.

Good oral hygiene, a balanced diet, and regular dental visits can help reduce your risk of developing periodontal disease.

Signs and symptoms of periodontal disease:

• Bleeding gums – Gums should never bleed, even when you brush vigorously or use dental floss

• Loose teeth – Also caused by bone loss or weakened periodontal fibers (fibers that anchor the tooth to the bone)

• New spacing between teeth – Caused by bone loss

• Persistent bad breath – Caused by bacteria in the mouth

• Pus around the teeth and gums – Sign that there is an infection present

• Receding gums – Loss of gum around a tooth

• Red and puffy gums – Gums should never be red or swollen

• Tenderness or Discomfort – Plaque, calculus, and bacteria irritate the gums and teeth